抗體的生物素化標(biāo)記實(shí)驗(yàn)要點(diǎn)：

1. 端粒酶反轉(zhuǎn)錄酶抗體費(fèi)用 如在反應(yīng)混合液中有疊氮鈉或游離氨基存在,會(huì)抑制標(biāo)記反應(yīng)。因此,蛋白質(zhì)在反應(yīng)前要對(duì) 0.1mol/L碳酸氫鈉緩沖液或0.5mol/L硼酸緩沖液充分透析；

2.所用的NHSB及待生物素化蛋白質(zhì)之間的分子比按蛋白質(zhì)表面的ε-氨基的密度會(huì)有所不同,選擇不當(dāng)則影響標(biāo)記的效率,應(yīng)先用幾個(gè)不同的分子比來(lái)篩選最適條件；

3.用NHSB量過(guò)量也是不利的,抗原的結(jié)合位點(diǎn)可能因此被封閉,導(dǎo)致抗體失活；

4.由于抗體的氨基不易接近可能造成生物素化不足,此時(shí)可加入去污劑如 Triton x-100, Tween20等；

5.當(dāng)游離ε-氨基(賴(lài)氨酸殘基的氨基)存在于抗體的抗原結(jié)合位點(diǎn)時(shí),或位于酶的催化位點(diǎn)時(shí),生物素化會(huì)降低或損傷抗體蛋白的結(jié)合力或活性；

6.生物素還可能與不同的功能基團(tuán),如羰基、氨基、巰基、異咪唑基及苯酚基,也可與糖基共價(jià)結(jié)合；

7.交聯(lián)反應(yīng)后,應(yīng)充分透析,否則,殘余的生物素會(huì)對(duì)生物素化抗體與親和素的結(jié)合產(chǎn)生競(jìng)爭(zhēng)作用；

8.在細(xì)胞的熒光標(biāo)記實(shí)驗(yàn)中,中和親和素的本底低,但由于鏈霉親和素含有少量正電荷,故對(duì)某些細(xì)胞可導(dǎo)致高本底。

產(chǎn)品訂購(gòu)信息：
英文名稱(chēng)  Anti-TERT 

中文名稱(chēng)   端粒酶反轉(zhuǎn)錄酶抗體費(fèi)用 

別    名  Telomerase catalytic subunit; EST2; hEST2; TCS1; Telomerase associated protein 2; Telomere Reverse Transcriptase; TERT; TP2; TRT; Telomerase reverse transcriptase; Telomerase Catalytic Subunit; Telomerase-associated protein 2; TERT_HUMAN.

濃    度   1mg/1ml

規(guī) 格  0.1ml/100μg 0.2ml/200μg

抗體來(lái)源   Rabbit

克隆類(lèi)型   polyclonal

交叉反應(yīng)   Human, Mouse, Rat 

產(chǎn)品類(lèi)型   一抗  

研究領(lǐng)域     細(xì)胞生物 免疫學(xué) 神經(jīng)生物學(xué) 信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo) 細(xì)胞凋亡 細(xì)胞周期蛋白 激酶和磷酸酶

蛋白分子量  predicted molecular weight: 125kDa

性    狀   Lyophilized or Liquid

免 疫 原 KLH conjugated synthetic peptide derived from human Telomerase reverse transcriptase 

亞    型   IgG

純化方法   affinity purified by Protein A

儲(chǔ) 存 液   0.01M PBS, pH 7.4 with 10 mg/ml BSA and 0.1% Sodium azide

端粒酶反轉(zhuǎn)錄酶抗體費(fèi)用 產(chǎn)品應(yīng)用    WB=1:100-500 ELISA=1:500-1000 IP=1:20-100 IHC-P=1:100-500 IHC-F=1:100-500 IF=1:100-500

（石蠟切片需做抗原修復(fù)） 

 not yet tested in other applications.

 optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.  

保存條件  Store at -20 °C for one year. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles. The lyophilized antibody is stable at room temperature for at least one month and for greater than a year when kept at -20°C. When reconstituted in sterile pH 7.4 0.01M PBS or diluent of antibody the antibody is stable for at least two weeks at 2-4 °C. 

Important Note  This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications. 

產(chǎn)品介紹 Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein polymerase that maintains telomere ends by addition of the telomere repeat TTAGGG. The enzyme consists of a protein component with reverse transcriptase activity, encoded by this gene, and an RNA component which serves as a template for the telomere repeat. Telomerase expression plays a role in cellular senescence, as it is normally repressed in postnatal somatic cells resulting in progressive shortening of telomeres. Deregulation of telomerase expression in somatic cells may be involved in oncogenesis. Studies in mouse suggest that telomerase also participates in chromosomal repair, since de novo synthesis of telomere repeats may occur at double-stranded breaks. Alternatively spliced variants encoding different isoforms of telomerase reverse transcriptase have been identified; the full-length sequence of some variants has not been determined. Alternative splicing at this locus is thought to be one mechanism of regulation of telomerase activity. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008].

Function : Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein enzyme essential for the replication of chromosome termini in most eukaryotes. Active in progenitor and cancer cells. Inactive, or very low activity, in normal somatic cells. Catalytic component of the teleromerase holoenzyme complex whose main activity is the elongation of telomeres by acting as a reverse transcriptase that adds simple sequence repeats to chromosome ends by copying a template sequence within the RNA component of the enzyme. Catalyzes the RNA-dependent extension of 3'-chromosomal termini with the 6-nucleotide telomeric repeat unit, 5'-TTAGGG-3'. The catalytic cycle involves primer binding, primer extension and release of product once the template boundary has been reached or nascent product translocation followed by further extension. More active on substrates containing 2 or 3 telomeric repeats. Telomerase activity is regulated by a number of factors including telomerase complex-associated proteins, chaperones and polypeptide modifiers. Modulates Wnt signaling. Plays important roles in aging and antiapoptosis.

Subunit : Homodimer; dimerization is required to produce a functional complex. Oligomer; can form oligomers in the absence of the telomerase RNA template component (TERC). Catalytic subunit of the telomerase holoenzyme complex composed minimally of TERT and TERC. The telomerase complex is composed of TERT, DKC1, WDR79/TCAB1, NOP10, NHP2, GAR1, TEP1, EST1A, POT1 and a telomerase RNA template component (TERC). The molecular chaperone HSP90/P23 complex is required for correct assembly and stabilization of the active telomerase. Interacts directly with HSP90A and PTGES3. Interacts with HSPA1A; the interaction occurs in the absence of TERC and dissociates once the complex has formed. Interacts with RAN; the interaction promotes nuclear export of TERT. Interacts with XPO1. Interacts with PTPN11; the interaction retains TERT in the nucleus. Interacts with NCL (via RRM1 and C-terminal RRM4/Arg/Gly-rich domains); the interaction is important for nucleolar localization of TERT. Interacts with SMARCA4 (via the bromodomain); the interaction regulates Wnt-mediated signaling. Interacts with MCRS1 (isoform MCRS2); the interaction inhibits in vitro telomerase activity. Interacts with PIF1; the interaction has no effect on the elongation activity of TERT. Interacts with PML; the interaction recruits TERT to PML bodies and inhibits telomerase activity.

Subcellular Location : Nucleus, nucleolus. Nucleus, nucleoplasm. Nucleus. Chromosome, telomere. Cytoplasm. Nucleus, PML body. Note=Shuttling between nuclear and cytoplasm depends on cell cycle, phosphorylation states, transformation and DNA damage. Diffuse localization in the nucleoplasm. Enriched in nucleoli of certain cell types. Translocated to the cytoplasm via nuclear pores in a CRM1/RAN-dependent manner involving oxidative stress-mediated phosphorylation at Tyr-707. Dephosphorylation at this site by SHP2 retains TERT in the nucleus. Translocated to the nucleus by phosphorylation by AKT.

Tissue Specificity : Expressed at a high level in thymocyte subpopulations, at an intermediate level in tonsil T-lymphocytes, and at a low to undetectable level in peripheral blood T-lymphocytes.

Post-translational modifications : Ubiquitinated, leading to proteasomal degradation.

Phosphorylation at Tyr-707 under oxidative stress leads to translocation of TERT to the cytoplasm and reduces its antiapoptotic activity. Dephosphorylated by SHP2/PTPN11 leading to nuclear retention. Phosphorylation by the AKT pathway promotes nuclear location.

DISEASE : Note=Activation of telomerase has been implicated in cell immortalization and cancer cell pathogenesis.

Defects in TERT are associated with susceptibilty to aplastic anemia (AA) [MIM:609135]. AA is a rare disease in which the reduction of the circulating blood cells results from damage to the stem cell pool in bone marrow. In most patients, the stem cell lesion is caused by an autoimmune attack. T-lymphocytes, activated by an endogenous or exogenous, and most often unknown antigenic stimulus, secrete cytokines, including IFN-gamma, which would in turn be able to suppress hematopoiesis.

Note=Genetic variations in TERT are associated with coronary artery disease (CAD).

Defects in TERT are the cause of dyskeratosis congenital autosomal dominant type 2 (DKCA2) [MIM:613989]. A rare multisystem disorder caused by defective telomere maintenance. It is characterized by progressive bone marrow failure, and the clinical triad of reticulated skin hyperpigmentation, nail dystrophy, and mucosal leukoplakia. Common but variable features include premature graying, aplastic anemia, low platelets, osteoporosis, pulmonary fibrosis, and liver fibrosis among others. Early mortality is often associated with bone marrow failure, infections, fatal pulmonary complications, or malignancy.

Defects in TERT are the cause of dyskeratosis congenital autosomal recessive type 4 (DKCB4) [MIM:613989]. A rare multisystem disorder caused by defective telomere maintenance. It is characterized by progressive bone marrow failure, and the clinical triad of reticulated skin hyperpigmentation, nail dystrophy, and mucosal leukoplakia. Common but variable features include premature graying, aplastic anemia, low platelets, osteoporosis, pulmonary fibrosis, and liver fibrosis among others. Early mortality is often associated with bone marrow failure, infections, fatal pulmonary complications, or malignancy.

Defects in TERT are a cause of susceptibility to pulmonary fibrosis idiopathic (IPF) [MIM:178500]. Pulmonary fibrosis is a lung disease characterized by shortness of breath, radiographically evident diffuse pulmonary infiltrates, and varying degrees of inflammation and fibrosis on biopsy. It results in acute lung injury with subsequent scarring and endstage lung disease.

Similarity : Belongs to the reverse transcriptase family. Telomerase subfamily.

Contains 1 reverse transcriptase domain.

Database links : UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: O14746.1

端粒酶是一種依賴(lài)RNA的DNA聚合酶,催化合成端粒體的DNA重復(fù)序列,并引導(dǎo)端粒添加到染色體的尾端,對(duì)維持染色體的長(zhǎng)度、。

端粒酶主要存在于之中，一般在大多數(shù)正常組織中沒(méi)有活性或活性極低，同時(shí)由于端粒酶在的發(fā)展中起著關(guān)鍵作用，所以通過(guò)各種途徑抑制端粒酶的活性可能有效地抑制大多數(shù)的生長(zhǎng)，而對(duì)大多數(shù)正常細(xì)胞沒(méi)有影響。這種可以通過(guò)直接抑制端粒酶活性、抑制端粒酶RNA或端粒酶蛋白成分以及誘導(dǎo)細(xì)胞發(fā)生分化等方法實(shí)現(xiàn)。

端粒酶與之間令人驚異的相關(guān)性使它在的診斷和上有望成為行之有效的新的靶目標(biāo)。

抗體的鑒定：

1）端粒酶反轉(zhuǎn)錄酶抗體費(fèi)用 抗體的效價(jià)鑒定：不管是用于診斷還是用于,制備抗體的目的都是要求較高效價(jià)。不同的抗原制備的抗體,要求的效價(jià)不一。鑒定效價(jià)的方法很多,包括有試管凝集反應(yīng),瓊脂擴(kuò)散試驗(yàn),酶聯(lián)免疫吸附試驗(yàn)等。常用的抗原所制備的抗體一般都有約成的鑒定效價(jià)的方法,以資比較。如制備抗抗體的效價(jià),一般就采用瓊脂擴(kuò)散試驗(yàn)來(lái)鑒定。

2）抗體的特異性鑒定：抗體的特異性是指與相應(yīng)抗原或近似抗原物質(zhì)的識(shí)別能力?？贵w的特異性高,它的識(shí)別能力就強(qiáng)。衡量特異性通常以交叉反應(yīng)率來(lái)表示。交叉反應(yīng)率可用競(jìng)爭(zhēng)抑制試驗(yàn)測(cè)定。以不同濃度抗原和近似抗原分別做競(jìng)爭(zhēng)抑制曲線,計(jì)算各自的結(jié)合率,求出各自在IC50時(shí)的濃度,并按公式計(jì)算交叉反應(yīng)率。 

如果所用抗原濃度IC50濃度為pg/管,而一些近似抗原物質(zhì)的IC50濃度幾乎是無(wú)窮大時(shí),表示這一抗血清與其他抗原物質(zhì)的交叉反應(yīng)率近似為0,即該血清的特異性較好。

3）抗體親和力：是指抗體和抗原結(jié)合的牢固程度。親和力的高低是由抗原分子的大小,抗體分子的結(jié)合位點(diǎn)與抗原決定簇之間立體構(gòu)型的合適度決定的。有助于維持抗原抗體復(fù)合物穩(wěn)定的分子間力有氫鍵,疏水鍵,側(cè)鏈相反電荷基因的庫(kù)侖力,范德華力和空間斥力。親和力常以親和常數(shù)K表示,K的單位是L/mol。抗體親和力的測(cè)定對(duì)抗體的篩選,確定抗體的用途,驗(yàn)證抗體的均一性等均有重要意義。

Anti-PKA/FITC 熒光素標(biāo)記蛋白激酶A抗體IgGMulti-class antibodies規(guī)格： 0.2ml

Rabbit Anti-Mink IgG 兔抗水貂IgG (親和層析純化)Multi-class antibodies規(guī)格： 0.1ml

HA tag標(biāo)簽抗體 anti-HA tag 0.1ml

Dog IgM/RBITC 羅丹明標(biāo)記的兔抗犬IgM抗體 0.1ml

FAM120B 英文名稱(chēng)： 組織激活過(guò)氧化酶活化增生受體γ蛋白抗體 0.2ml

Rhesus antibody Rh Phospho-RSK3 (Thr356/Ser360) 磷酸化核糖體蛋白S6激酶家族RSK3抗體 規(guī)格 0.1ml

Rabbit Anti-Mink IgG 兔抗水貂IgG (親和層析純化)Multi-class antibodies規(guī)格： 0.1ml

LIS1(Lissencephaly-1 protein) 無(wú)腦回的致病基因LIS1抗原Multi-class antibodies規(guī)格： 0.5mg

Anti-AIMP2 AIMP2抗體Multi-class antibodies規(guī)格： 0.2ml

Rhesus antibody Rh phospho-c-Abl(Tyr283) 磷酸化非受體酪氨酸激酶c-Abl抗體 規(guī)格 0.1ml

熒光抗體專(zhuān)用稀釋液 10ml pH 7.2,不能加入血清

Vitamin D Receptor/VDR 英文名稱(chēng)： 維生素D3受體抗體 0.1ml

phospho-Dnmt1(Ser154) 英文名稱(chēng)： 磷酸化DNA甲基轉(zhuǎn)移酶1抗體 0.1ml

Anti-AIMP2 AIMP2抗體Multi-class antibodies規(guī)格： 0.2ml

Anti-FGFR4/FITC 熒光素標(biāo)記成纖維細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)因子受體4抗體IgGMulti-class antibodies規(guī)格： 0.2ml

Anti-Phospho-NF-KappaB p105 (Ser927) /FITC 熒光素標(biāo)記磷酸化細(xì)胞核因子p50/k基因結(jié)合核因子抗體IgGMulti-class antibodies規(guī)格： 0.2ml

Rhesus antibody Rh C Peptide C-肽抗體 規(guī)格 0.1ml

Nogo-A 軸索過(guò)度生長(zhǎng)抑制因子-A(抗原) 0.5mg

DTSF 英文名稱(chēng)： 肝素結(jié)合性表皮生長(zhǎng)因子抗體 0.1ml

Rhesus antibody Rh RNF138 環(huán)指蛋白138抗體 規(guī)格 0.2ml

Anti-Phospho-NF-KappaB p105 (Ser927) /FITC 熒光素標(biāo)記磷酸化細(xì)胞核因子p50/k基因結(jié)合核因子抗體IgGMulti-class antibodies規(guī)格： 0.2ml

人β半乳糖苷酶(βGAL)ELISA 試劑盒 96T/48T 試劑盒 組裝/原裝

兔子膽固醇(LDL-C)免疫試劑盒 Rabbit Low Density Lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C ELISA kit

乳脂肪球EGF因子蛋白(MFGE8)ELISA試劑盒 ，英文名： MFGE8 ELISA Kit

Porcineplasminogenactivatorinhibitor,PAIELISA試劑盒豬纖溶酶原激活物抑制因子(PAI)ELISA試劑盒規(guī)格：96T/48T

Humanangiopoietin-likeprotein3,ANGPTL3ELISA試劑盒人生成素樣蛋白3(ANGPTL3)ELISA試劑盒規(guī)格：96T/48T

HumanATP-bindingcassetteanspoerA1,ABCA1ELISAKit人腺苷三磷酸結(jié)合盒轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)體A1(ABCA1)ELISA試劑盒規(guī)格：96T/48T

大鼠視黃醇結(jié)合蛋白(RBP)ELISA試劑盒 ，英文名： RBP ELISA Kit

人γ谷氨酰轉(zhuǎn)移酶(GGT)ELISA檢測(cè)試劑盒Humangammaglamylanspeptidase,GGTELISAKit 96T/48T

海獅三甲狀腺原氨酸(T3)免疫試劑盒 Sea Lion iiodothyronine(T3)ELISA kit

CLIAKitforPMNElastase(HumanPolymorphonuclearElastase)ELISAKit人多形核白細(xì)胞彈性蛋白酶規(guī)格：48T/96T

石蠟切片組織PAR-1蛋白表達(dá)熒光顯微鏡檢測(cè)試劑盒10/20次

ELISAKitSLC/CCL21人二級(jí)淋巴組織趨化因子規(guī)格：48T/96T

端粒酶反轉(zhuǎn)錄酶抗體費(fèi)用 大鼠脫氧酚/脫氧啉(DPD)ELISA 試劑盒 96T/48T 試劑盒 組裝/原裝

人微管相關(guān)蛋白tau(MAPT)抗體免疫試劑盒 Human microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) aibody ELISA kit

血清游離膽固醇(FC)含量測(cè)試盒 可見(jiàn)分光光度法 50管/48樣

RatProteinPhosphatase,PPELISA試劑盒大鼠蛋酸酶(PP)ELISA試劑盒規(guī)格：96T/48T

HumanIerleukin10,IL-10ELISA試劑盒人白介素10(IL-10)ELISA試劑盒規(guī)格：96T/48T

HumanMothersagainstdecapeaplegichomolog7,Smad7ELISAKit人Smad7ELISA試劑盒規(guī)格：96T/48T