抗體的生物素化標記實驗要點：

1. Rad51抗體規(guī)格 如在反應混合液中有疊氮鈉或游離氨基存在,會抑制標記反應。因此,蛋白質(zhì)在反應前要對 0.1mol/L碳酸氫鈉緩沖液或0.5mol/L硼酸緩沖液充分透析；

2.所用的NHSB及待生物素化蛋白質(zhì)之間的分子比按蛋白質(zhì)表面的ε-氨基的密度會有所不同,選擇不當則影響標記的效率,應先用幾個不同的分子比來篩選最適條件；

3.用NHSB量過量也是不利的,抗原的結(jié)合位點可能因此被封閉,導致抗體失活；

4.由于抗體的氨基不易接近可能造成生物素化不足,此時可加入去污劑如 Triton x-100, Tween20等；

5.當游離ε-氨基(賴氨酸殘基的氨基)存在于抗體的抗原結(jié)合位點時,或位于酶的催化位點時,生物素化會降低或損傷抗體蛋白的結(jié)合力或活性；

6.生物素還可能與不同的功能基團,如羰基、氨基、巰基、異咪唑基及苯酚基,也可與糖基共價結(jié)合；

7.交聯(lián)反應后,應充分透析,否則,殘余的生物素會對生物素化抗體與親和素的結(jié)合產(chǎn)生競爭作用；

8.在細胞的熒光標記實驗中,中和親和素的本底低,但由于鏈霉親和素含有少量正電荷,故對某些細胞可導致高本底。

產(chǎn)品訂購信息：
英文名稱  Anti-Rad51 

中文名稱   Rad51抗體規(guī)格 

別    名  BRCA1/BRCA2 containing complex, subunit 5; BRCC 5; BRCC5; DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 1; DNA repair protein rhp51; E coli RecA homolog; HGNC:9817; Homolog of E coli RecA; homolog of S cerevisiae RAD51; HRAD51; HsRad51; HsT16930; Rad 51; RAD51 homolog (RecA homolog, E. coli) (S. cerevisiae); RAD51 homolog; RAD51 homolog S. cerevisiae; RAD51 S cerevisiae homolog; RAD51A; RECA; RecA homolog E. coli; RecA like protein; RecA, E. coli, homolog of; recombination protein A.

濃    度   1mg/1ml

規(guī) 格  0.1ml/100μg 0.2ml/200μg

抗體來源   Rabbit

克隆類型   polyclonal

交叉反應   Human, Mouse, Rat, Dog, Pig, Cow 

產(chǎn)品類型   一抗  

研究領(lǐng)域     細胞生物 發(fā)育生物學 細胞周期蛋白

蛋白分子量  predicted molecular weight: 37kDa

性    狀   Lyophilized or Liquid

免 疫 原 KLH conjugated synthetic peptide derived from human Rad51 C-terminus 

亞    型   IgG

純化方法   affinity purified by Protein A

儲 存 液   0.01M PBS, pH 7.4 with 10 mg/ml BSA and 0.1% Sodium azide

Rad51抗體規(guī)格 產(chǎn)品應用    WB=1:100-500 ELISA=1:500-1000 IP=1:20-100 IHC-P=1:100-500 IHC-F=1:100-500 ICC=1:100-500 IF=1:100-500

（石蠟切片需做抗原修復） 

 not yet tested in other applications.

 optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.  

保存條件  Store at -20 °C for one year. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles. The lyophilized antibody is stable at room temperature for at least one month and for greater than a year when kept at -20°C. When reconstituted in sterile pH 7.4 0.01M PBS or diluent of antibody the antibody is stable for at least two weeks at 2-4 °C. 

Important Note  This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications. 

產(chǎn)品介紹 The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the RAD51 protein family. RAD51 family members are highly similar to bacterial RecA and Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rad51, and are known to be involved in the homologous recombination and repair of DNA. This protein can interact with the ssDNA-binding protein RPA and RAD52, and it is thought to play roles in homologous pairing and strand transfer of DNA. This protein is also found to interact with BRCA1 and BRCA2, which may be important for the cellular response to DNA damage. BRCA2 is shown to regulate both the intracellular localization and DNA-binding ability of this protein. Loss of these controls following BRCA2 inactivation may be a key event leading to genomic instability and tumorigenesis. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene, which encode distinct proteins, have been reported. Transcript variants utilizing alternative polyA signals exist.

Function : Participates in a common DNA damage response pathway associated with the activation of homologous recombination and double-strand break repair. Binds to single and double stranded DNA and exhibits DNA-dependent ATPase activity. Underwinds duplex DNA and forms helical nucleoprotein filaments. Plays a role in regulating mitochondrial DNA copy number under conditions of oxidative stress in the presence of RAD51C and XRCC3.

Subcellular Location : Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Cytoplasm, perinuclear region. Mitochondrion matrix. Colocalizes with RAD51AP1 and RPA2 to multiple nuclear foci upon induction of DNA damage. DNA damage induces an increase in nuclear levels.

Tissue Specificity : Highly expressed in testis and thymus, followed by small intestine, placenta, colon, pancreas and ovary. Weakly expressed in breast.

Post-translational modifications : Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation of Thr-309 by CHEK1 may enhance association with chromatin at sites of DNA damage and promote DNA repair by homologous recombination. Phosphorylation by ABL1 inhibits function.

DISEASE : Defects in RAD51 are a cause of susceptibility to breast cancer (BC) [MIM:114480]. A common malignancy originating from breast epithelial tissue. Breast neoplasms can be distinguished by their histologic pattern. Invasive ductal carcinoma is by far the most common type. Breast cancer is etiologically and genetically heterogeneous. Important genetic factors have been indicated by familial occurrence and bilateral involvement. Mutations at more than one locus can be involved in different families or even in the same case.

Similarity : Belongs to the RecA family. RAD51 subfamily.

Contains 1 HhH domain.

Database links : UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: Q06609.1

Rad51蛋白對細胞:作為輔助因子參與DNA修復同源重組,維持正常細胞周期；Rad51蛋白在很多組織中都有不同的存在。在和等組織中表達較高，究其原因有報道稱：這是DNA被損傷后細胞的一種反應，而這種反應不足以阻止的發(fā)生。

抗體的鑒定：

1）Rad51抗體規(guī)格 抗體的效價鑒定：不管是用于診斷還是用于,制備抗體的目的都是要求較高效價。不同的抗原制備的抗體,要求的效價不一。鑒定效價的方法很多,包括有試管凝集反應,瓊脂擴散試驗,酶聯(lián)免疫吸附試驗等。常用的抗原所制備的抗體一般都有約成的鑒定效價的方法,以資比較。如制備抗抗體的效價,一般就采用瓊脂擴散試驗來鑒定。

2）抗體的特異性鑒定：抗體的特異性是指與相應抗原或近似抗原物質(zhì)的識別能力?？贵w的特異性高,它的識別能力就強。衡量特異性通常以交叉反應率來表示。交叉反應率可用競爭抑制試驗測定。以不同濃度抗原和近似抗原分別做競爭抑制曲線,計算各自的結(jié)合率,求出各自在IC50時的濃度,并按公式計算交叉反應率。 

如果所用抗原濃度IC50濃度為pg/管,而一些近似抗原物質(zhì)的IC50濃度幾乎是無窮大時,表示這一抗血清與其他抗原物質(zhì)的交叉反應率近似為0,即該血清的特異性較好。

3）抗體親和力：是指抗體和抗原結(jié)合的牢固程度。親和力的高低是由抗原分子的大小,抗體分子的結(jié)合位點與抗原決定簇之間立體構(gòu)型的合適度決定的。有助于維持抗原抗體復合物穩(wěn)定的分子間力有氫鍵,疏水鍵,側(cè)鏈相反電荷基因的庫侖力,范德華力和空間斥力。親和力常以親和常數(shù)K表示,K的單位是L/mol?？贵w親和力的測定對抗體的篩選,確定抗體的用途,驗證抗體的均一性等均有重要意義。

IAA/BSA 吲哚-3-乙酸偶聯(lián)血清白蛋白Multi-class antibodies規(guī)格： 5mg

Anti-ABL2 ABL2蛋白抗體Multi-class antibodies規(guī)格： 0.2ml

Rhesus antibody Rh Phospho-c-Fos (Se*) 磷酸化c-fos抗體 規(guī)格 0.1ml

兔抗羊IgG血清 0.5ml 國產(chǎn)

WIPF2 英文名稱： WASP結(jié)合蛋白抗體 0.2ml

DARPP32 英文名稱： 多巴胺、cAMP調(diào)節(jié)磷蛋白抗體 0.2ml

Anti-ABL2 ABL2蛋白抗體Multi-class antibodies規(guī)格： 0.2ml

Anti-PDEF/FITC 熒光素標記上皮特異性ETs轉(zhuǎn)錄因子抗體IgGMulti-class antibodies規(guī)格： 0.2ml

Rabbit Anti-Rat IgG/FITC 熒光素標記兔抗大鼠IgGMulti-class antibodies規(guī)格： 0.3ml

DNA甲基轉(zhuǎn)移酶-3β抗體 Anti-Dnmt3β 0.1ml

Goat Anti-human IgM/FITC FITC標記的羊抗人IgM 0.3ml

FBXO18 英文名稱： F-box蛋白家族FBXO18抗體 0.2ml

Rhesus antibody Rh phospho-TPH(Ser260) 磷酸化色氨酸羥化酶抗體 規(guī)格 0.1ml

Rabbit Anti-Rat IgG/FITC 熒光素標記兔抗大鼠IgGMulti-class antibodies規(guī)格： 0.3ml

PI14 英文名稱： 蛋白酶抑制劑14抗體 0.2ml

EFS 英文名稱： 對接蛋白EFS抗體 0.1ml

多配體蛋白聚糖1抗體 Anti-CD138/Syndecan-1 0.1ml

Anti-V.cholera Ogawa/Biotin 生物素化01群稻葉型霍亂弧菌抗體IgGMulti-class antibodies規(guī)格： 0.2ml

Rhesus antibody Rh Phospho-HDAC4(Ser632)/HDAC5(Ser498)/HDAC7(Ser486) 磷酸化組蛋白去乙酰化酶4/5/7抗體 規(guī)格 0.1ml

Argireline peptide 抗皺寡肽-1/六勝肽-3/阿基瑞林/乙酰六勝肽-3Multi-class antibodies規(guī)格： 1g

人腦微內(nèi)皮細胞

PANC-1 人*癌細胞

BLNK Others Human 人 BLNK 人細胞裂解液 (陽性對照)

CL-0458U-118 MG(人腦星形膠質(zhì)母細胞瘤)5×106cells/瓶×2

人成纖維細胞RNAHPrF miRNA5 μg

人臍內(nèi)皮細胞(人細胞污染);ECV-304 [ECV304;ECV 304] 人腸內(nèi)皮細胞完全培養(yǎng)基 100mL

CL-0200RWPE1(人上皮細胞)5×106cells/瓶×2

PBK Others Human 人 PDK / PDZ binding kinase / TOPK 桿狀病毒-昆蟲細胞裂解液 (陽性對照)

人少突膠質(zhì)前體細胞cDNAHOPC cDNA

MCF-7細胞，人癌細胞 人肺鱗癌細胞,LTEP-s細胞 滑膜細胞Many types of cells包裝：5 × 105次方(1ml)

犬腎細胞系/野生型;MDCK/wild

PLAT Others Human 人 tPAβ 人細胞裂解液 (陽性對照)

Rad51抗體規(guī)格 人腦微內(nèi)皮細胞

PANC-1 人*癌細胞

BLNK Others Human 人 BLNK 人細胞裂解液 (陽性對照)

CL-0458U-118 MG(人腦星形膠質(zhì)母細胞瘤)5×106cells/瓶×2

人成纖維細胞RNAHPrF miRNA5 μg

人臍內(nèi)皮細胞(人細胞污染);ECV-304 [ECV304;ECV 304] 人腸內(nèi)皮細胞完全培養(yǎng)基 100mL