抗體的生物素化標(biāo)記實(shí)驗(yàn)要點(diǎn)：

1. 蛋白1抗體費(fèi)用 如在反應(yīng)混合液中有疊氮鈉或游離氨基存在,會(huì)抑制標(biāo)記反應(yīng)。因此,蛋白質(zhì)在反應(yīng)前要對(duì) 0.1mol/L碳酸氫鈉緩沖液或0.5mol/L硼酸緩沖液充分透析；

2.所用的NHSB及待生物素化蛋白質(zhì)之間的分子比按蛋白質(zhì)表面的ε-氨基的密度會(huì)有所不同,選擇不當(dāng)則影響標(biāo)記的效率,應(yīng)先用幾個(gè)不同的分子比來(lái)篩選最適條件；

3.用NHSB量過(guò)量也是不利的,抗原的結(jié)合位點(diǎn)可能因此被封閉,導(dǎo)致抗體失活；

4.由于抗體的氨基不易接近可能造成生物素化不足,此時(shí)可加入去污劑如 Triton x-100, Tween20等；

5.當(dāng)游離ε-氨基(賴(lài)氨酸殘基的氨基)存在于抗體的抗原結(jié)合位點(diǎn)時(shí),或位于酶的催化位點(diǎn)時(shí),生物素化會(huì)降低或損傷抗體蛋白的結(jié)合力或活性；

6.生物素還可能與不同的功能基團(tuán),如羰基、氨基、巰基、異咪唑基及苯酚基,也可與糖基共價(jià)結(jié)合；

7.交聯(lián)反應(yīng)后,應(yīng)充分透析,否則,殘余的生物素會(huì)對(duì)生物素化抗體與親和素的結(jié)合產(chǎn)生競(jìng)爭(zhēng)作用；

8.在細(xì)胞的熒光標(biāo)記實(shí)驗(yàn)中,中和親和素的本底低,但由于鏈霉親和素含有少量正電荷,故對(duì)某些細(xì)胞可導(dǎo)致高本底。

產(chǎn)品訂購(gòu)信息：
英文名稱(chēng)  Anti-Polycystin 1 

中文名稱(chēng)   蛋白1抗體費(fèi)用 

別    名  Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease protein 1; PBP; PKD; PKD1; Polycystic Kidney Disease 1; Polycystin 1 Precursor; PKD1; Pc-1; TRPP1; PKD1_HUMAN.

濃    度   1mg/1ml

規(guī) 格  0.2ml/200μg

抗體來(lái)源   Rabbit

克隆類(lèi)型   polyclonal

交叉反應(yīng)   Human, Mouse, Dog 

產(chǎn)品類(lèi)型   一抗  

研究領(lǐng)域    細(xì)胞生物 免疫學(xué) 發(fā)育生物學(xué)

蛋白分子量  predicted molecular weight: 460kDa

性    狀   Lyophilized or Liquid

免 疫 原 KLH conjugated synthetic peptide derived from human Polycystin 1 N-terminus 

亞    型   IgG

純化方法   affinity purified by Protein A

儲(chǔ) 存 液   0.01M PBS, pH 7.4 with 10 mg/ml BSA and 0.1% Sodium azide

蛋白1抗體費(fèi)用 產(chǎn)品應(yīng)用    WB=1:100-500 ELISA=1:500-1000 IP=1:20-100 IHC-P=1:100-500 IHC-F=1:100-500 IF=1:100-500

（石蠟切片需做抗原修復(fù)） 

 not yet tested in other applications.

 optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.  

保存條件  Store at -20 °C for one year. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles. The lyophilized antibody is stable at room temperature for at least one month and for greater than a year when kept at -20°C. When reconstituted in sterile pH 7.4 0.01M PBS or diluent of antibody the antibody is stable for at least two weeks at 2-4 °C. 

Important Note  This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications. 

產(chǎn)品介紹 This gene encodes a member of the polycystin protein family. The encoded glycoprotein contains a large N-terminal extracellular region, multiple transmembrane domains and a cytoplasmic C-tail. It is an integral membrane protein that functions as a regulator of calcium permeable cation channels and intracellular calcium homoeostasis. It is also involved in cell-cell/matrix interactions and may modulate G-protein-coupled signal-transduction pathways. It plays a role in renal tubular development, and mutations in this gene cause autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease type 1 (ADPKD1). ADPKD1 is characterized by the growth of fluid-filled cysts that replace normal renal tissue and result in end-stage renal failure. Splice variants encoding different isoforms have been noted for this gene. Also, six pseudogenes, closely linked in a known duplicated region on chromosome 16p, have been described. [provided by RefSeq].

Function : Involved in renal tubulogenesis. Involved in fluid-flow mechanosensation by the primary cilium in renal epithelium (By similarity). Acts as a regulator of cilium length, together with PKD2 (By similarity). The dynamic control of cilium length is essential in the regulation of mechanotransductive signaling. The cilium length response creates a negative feedback loop whereby fluid shear-mediated deflection of the primary cilium, which decreases intracellular cAMP, leads to cilium shortening and thus decreases flow-induced signaling (By similarity). May be an ion-channel regulator. Involved in adhesive protein-protein and protein-carbohydrate interactions.

Subunit : Interacts with PKD2. Interacts with PRKX; involved in differentiation and controlled morphogenesis of the kidney. Interacts with NPHP1 (via SH3 domain).

Subcellular Location : Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Cell projection, cilium (By similarity). Note=PKD1 localization to the plasma and ciliary membranes requires PKD2, is independent of PKD2 channel activity, and involves stimulation of PKD1 autoproteolytic cleavage at the GPS domain.

DISEASE : Defects in PKD1 are the cause of polycystic kidney disease autosomal dominant type 1 (ADPKD1) [MIM:173900]. ADPKD is characterized by progressive formation and enlargement of cysts in both kidneys, typically leading to end-stage renal disease in adult life. Cysts also occurs in the liver and other organs. Its prevalence is estimated at about 1/1000. [SIMILARITY] Belongs to the polycystin family.

Similarity : Contains 1 C-type lectin domain.

Contains 1 GPS domain.

Contains 1 LDL-receptor class A domain.

Contains 2 LRR (leucine-rich) repeats.

Contains 1 LRRCT domain.

Contains 1 LRRNT domain.

Contains 17 PKD domains.

Contains 1 PLAT domain.

Contains 1 REJ domain.

Contains 1 WSC domain.

Database links : UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: P98161.3

（polycystic kidney disease）為遺傳性疾病，是*一種先天性異常。雙側(cè)*皮髓質(zhì)均可累及，但在程度上可不同。在遺傳方式上表現(xiàn)為常染色體顯性和常染色體隱性遺傳兩種。

囊內(nèi)上皮細(xì)胞異常增殖是ADPKD的顯著特特之一，處于一種成熟不完全或重發(fā)育狀態(tài)，高度提示為細(xì)胞的發(fā)育成熟調(diào)控出現(xiàn)障礙，使細(xì)胞處于一種未成熟狀態(tài)，從而顯示強(qiáng)增殖性。表現(xiàn)為細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)密切相關(guān)的Na+-K+-ATP ase的亞單位組合，分布及活性表達(dá)的改變；細(xì)胞信號(hào)傳導(dǎo)異常以及離子轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)通道的變化。細(xì)胞外基質(zhì)異常增生是ADPKD第三種顯著特征。目前許多研究已證明：這些異常均有與細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)有關(guān)的活性因子的參與。但關(guān)鍵的異常環(huán)節(jié)和途徑尚未明了。因基因缺陷而致的細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)改變和間質(zhì)形成異常，是本病的重要機(jī)制之一。

抗體的鑒定：

1）蛋白1抗體費(fèi)用 抗體的效價(jià)鑒定：不管是用于診斷還是用于,制備抗體的目的都是要求較高效價(jià)。不同的抗原制備的抗體,要求的效價(jià)不一。鑒定效價(jià)的方法很多,包括有試管凝集反應(yīng),瓊脂擴(kuò)散試驗(yàn),酶聯(lián)免疫吸附試驗(yàn)等。常用的抗原所制備的抗體一般都有約成的鑒定效價(jià)的方法,以資比較。如制備抗抗體的效價(jià),一般就采用瓊脂擴(kuò)散試驗(yàn)來(lái)鑒定。

2）抗體的特異性鑒定：抗體的特異性是指與相應(yīng)抗原或近似抗原物質(zhì)的識(shí)別能力。抗體的特異性高,它的識(shí)別能力就強(qiáng)。衡量特異性通常以交叉反應(yīng)率來(lái)表示。交叉反應(yīng)率可用競(jìng)爭(zhēng)抑制試驗(yàn)測(cè)定。以不同濃度抗原和近似抗原分別做競(jìng)爭(zhēng)抑制曲線,計(jì)算各自的結(jié)合率,求出各自在IC50時(shí)的濃度,并按公式計(jì)算交叉反應(yīng)率。 

如果所用抗原濃度IC50濃度為pg/管,而一些近似抗原物質(zhì)的IC50濃度幾乎是無(wú)窮大時(shí),表示這一抗血清與其他抗原物質(zhì)的交叉反應(yīng)率近似為0,即該血清的特異性較好。

3）抗體親和力：是指抗體和抗原結(jié)合的牢固程度。親和力的高低是由抗原分子的大小,抗體分子的結(jié)合位點(diǎn)與抗原決定簇之間立體構(gòu)型的合適度決定的。有助于維持抗原抗體復(fù)合物穩(wěn)定的分子間力有氫鍵,疏水鍵,側(cè)鏈相反電荷基因的庫(kù)侖力,范德華力和空間斥力。親和力常以親和常數(shù)K表示,K的單位是L/mol。抗體親和力的測(cè)定對(duì)抗體的篩選,確定抗體的用途,驗(yàn)證抗體的均一性等均有重要意義。

Anti-Phospho-c-Fos (Se*) /FITC 熒光素標(biāo)記兔抗人、大、小鼠磷酸化c-fos抗體IgGMulti-class antibodies規(guī)格： 0.2ml

Anti-IL-22BP/IL22RA2/FITC 熒光素標(biāo)記白介素22受體結(jié)合蛋白抗體IgGMulti-class antibodies規(guī)格： 0.2ml

Rhesus antibody Rh CD137/TNFRSF9 壞死因子受體超家族成員9抗體 規(guī)格 0.1ml

phospho-Klf5/CKLF/Kruppel like factor 5, Human, mo, rat, horse, bovine, rabbit, pig, dog 磷酸化腸道內(nèi)富含的Kruppel樣因子5抗原 0.5mg

IDH3A 英文名稱(chēng)： 草酰琥珀酸脫羧酶α抗體 0.2ml

Rhesus antibody Rh SRFBP1 血清應(yīng)答因子結(jié)合蛋白1抗體 規(guī)格 0.2ml

Anti-IL-22BP/IL22RA2/FITC 熒光素標(biāo)記白介素22受體結(jié)合蛋白抗體IgGMulti-class antibodies規(guī)格： 0.2ml

human phospho-inhibitory subunit of NF-κB Alpha,pIKB Alpha ELISA kit 人磷酸化核因子κB抑制蛋白α(IKKα human ELISA kit)Multi-class antibodies規(guī)格： 96T

Anti-Phospho-SHIP2 (Tyr1135) 磷酸化蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶2抗體Multi-class antibodies規(guī)格： 0.1ml

Rhesus antibody Rh Goat Anti-rat IgG/PE-Cy7 PE-Cy7標(biāo)記的羊抗大鼠IgG 規(guī)格 0.1ml

MC Ab(Human melanocyte antibody) ELISA Kit 人黑色素細(xì)胞抗體 96T

phospho-NFATC4 (Ser168 + Ser170) 英文名稱(chēng)： 磷酸化T細(xì)胞激活核轉(zhuǎn)錄因子4抗體 0.1ml

BEND3 英文名稱(chēng)： BEND3蛋白抗體 0.2ml

Anti-Phospho-SHIP2 (Tyr1135) 磷酸化蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶2抗體Multi-class antibodies規(guī)格： 0.1ml

PGAM2(Human phosphoglycerate mutase 2) ELISA Kit 人磷酸甘油酸變位酶2Multi-class antibodies規(guī)格： 48T

Anti-MYOZ/MYOZ1 MYOZ抗體Multi-class antibodies規(guī)格： 0.2ml

Rhesus antibody Rh ILVBL 乙酰乳酸合成酶蛋白抗體 規(guī)格 0.2ml

Human histone H2A-H2B-DNA autoantibody ELISA Kit 人抗組蛋白(H2A-H2B)-DNA抗體/抗二聚體-DNA抗體 96T

Phospho-P38 MAPK (Thr180 + Tyr182) 英文名稱(chēng)： 磷酸化-原活化蛋白激酶p38抗體(P-p38 MAPK) 0.1ml

phospho-CEBPE (Thr74) 英文名稱(chēng)： 磷酸化轉(zhuǎn)錄調(diào)節(jié)因子C/EBPε抗體 0.1ml

Anti-MYOZ/MYOZ1 MYOZ抗體Multi-class antibodies規(guī)格： 0.2ml

CL-0154MDCK(犬腎細(xì)胞)5×106cells/瓶×2

IFNB1 Others Human 人 Ierferon beta / IFN-beta / IFNB CHO細(xì)胞裂解液 (陽(yáng)性對(duì)照)

人肝竇內(nèi)皮細(xì)胞裂解物HHSECL

小香豬皮膚細(xì)胞;SSC-S2 組織細(xì)胞細(xì)胞，U-937細(xì)胞 NUTU-19細(xì)胞，大鼠細(xì)胞株

SV40轉(zhuǎn)染人成骨細(xì)胞;hFOB 1.19

HA Others H1N3 甲型 H1N3 (A/duck/NZL/160/1976) 血凝素HA1 (Hemagglutinin) 人細(xì)胞裂解液 (陽(yáng)性對(duì)照)

CL-0152MDA-MB-453(人癌細(xì)胞)5×106cells/瓶×2

F10 Others Human 人 Coagulation Factor X / FX / F10 桿狀病毒-昆蟲(chóng)細(xì)胞裂解液 (陽(yáng)性對(duì)照)

人滑膜細(xì)胞裂解物HSL

NCI-H838[H838]細(xì)胞，人細(xì)胞 人,A2細(xì)胞 腦內(nèi)皮細(xì)胞Many types of cells包裝：5 × 105次方(1ml)

兔角膜后基質(zhì)層成纖維細(xì)胞;RCBBF

HAVCR2 Others Human 人 TIMD3 / TIM3 / HAVCR2 人細(xì)胞裂解液 (陽(yáng)性對(duì)照)

蛋白1抗體費(fèi)用 IL12A&IL27B Others Human 人 IL12A & IL27B Heterodimer 人細(xì)胞裂解液 (陽(yáng)性對(duì)照)

人成細(xì)胞;MG-63

人臍帶血單個(gè)核細(xì)胞

CTLL-2細(xì)胞，小鼠T細(xì)胞 人細(xì)胞,9L-B細(xì)胞 人絨毛間葉成纖維細(xì)胞RNAHVMF miRNA5 μg

恒河猴皮膚細(xì)胞;RM-S1

EPHB2 Others Human 人 EphB2 人細(xì)胞裂解液 (陽(yáng)性對(duì)照)