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磷酸化-絲裂原活化蛋白激酶p38抗體（P-p38 MAPK）說明書 英文名稱  Anti-Phospho-P38 MAPK (Thr180/Tyr182)

中文名稱  磷酸化-絲裂原活化蛋白激酶p38抗體（P-p38 MAPK）說明書 

別    名 P38 MAPK(Phospho-Thr180); phospho-MAPK14(Thr180/Tyr182); MAPK14(phospho Thr180/Tyr182); CSAID Binding Protein 1; CSAID binding protein; CSAID-binding protein; Csaids binding protein; CSBP 1; CSBP 2; CSBP; CSBP1; CSBP2; CSPB 1; CSPB1; Cytokine suppressive anti inflammatory drug binding protein; Cytokine suppressive anti-inflammatory drug-binding protein; EXIP; MAP kinase 14; MAP kinase MXI2; MAP kinase p38 alpha; MAPK 14; MAPK14; MAX interacting protein 2; MAX-interacting protein 2; Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase 14; Mitogen activated protein kinase p38 alpha; Mitogen-activated protein kinase 14; Mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 alpha; MK14_HUMAN; Mxi 2; Mxi2; p38 ALPHA; p38; p38 MAP kinase; p38 MAPK; p38 mitogen activated protein kinase; p38ALPHA; p38alpha Exip; PRKM14; PRKM15; RK; SAPK 2A; SAPK2A; Stress Activated Protein Kinase 2A.

產(chǎn)品屬性：

濃    度  1mg/1ml

規(guī) 格  0.1ml/100μg

抗體來源  Rabbit

克隆類型   polyclonal

交叉反應(yīng)   Human, Mouse, Rat, Dog, Rabbit

產(chǎn)品類型   一抗 磷酸化抗體  

研究領(lǐng)域     細(xì)胞生物 免疫學(xué) 信號轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo) 細(xì)胞凋亡 轉(zhuǎn)錄調(diào)節(jié)因子 激酶和磷酸酶

蛋白分子量  predicted molecular weight: 42kDa 

性    狀   Lyophilized or Liquid

免 疫 原  KLH conjugated Synthesised phosphopeptide derived from human p38 MAPK around the phosphorylation site of Thr180/Tyr182

亞    型  IgG

純化方法   affinity purified by Protein A

儲 存 液   0.01M PBS, pH 7.4 with 10 mg/ml BSA and 0.1% Sodium azide

磷酸化-絲裂原活化蛋白激酶p38抗體（P-p38 MAPK）說明書 產(chǎn)品應(yīng)用   WB=1:100-500 ELISA=1:500-1000 IP=1:20-100 IHC-P=1:100-500 IHC-F=1:100-500 ICC=1:100-500 IF=1:100-500

（石蠟切片需做抗原修復(fù)） 

 not yet tested in other applications.

 optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.  

保存條件  Store at -20 °C for one year. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles. The lyophilized antibody is stable at room temperature for at least one month and for greater than a year when kept at -20°C. When reconstituted in sterile pH 7.4 0.01M PBS or diluent of antibody the antibody is stable for at least two weeks at 2-4 °C. 

Important Note  This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications. 

產(chǎn)品介紹 The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the MAP kinase family. MAP kinases act as an integration point for multiple biochemical signals, and are involved in a wide variety of cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, transcription regulation and development. This kinase is activated by various environmental stresses and proinflammatory cytokines. The activation requires its phosphorylation by MAP kinase kinases(MKKs), or its autophosphorylation triggered by the interaction of MAP3K7IP1/TAB1 protein with this kinase. The substrates of this kinase include transcription regulator ATF2, MEF2C, and MAX, cell cycle regulator CDC25B, and tumor suppressor p53, which suggest the roles of this kinase in stress related transcription and cell cycle regulation, as well as in genotoxic stress response. Four alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene encoding distinct isoforms have been reported.

Function : Serine/threonine kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. MAPK14 is one of the four p38 MAPKs which play an important role in the cascades of cellular responses evoked by extracellular stimuli such as proinflammatory cytokines or physical stress leading to direct activation of transcription factors. Accordingly, p38 MAPKs phosphorylate a broad range of proteins and it has been estimated that they may have approximately 200 to 300 substrates each. Some of the targets are downstream kinases which are activated through phosphorylation and further phosphorylate additional targets. RPS6KA5/MSK1 and RPS6KA4/MSK2 can directly phosphorylate and activate transcription factors such as CREB1, ATF1, the NF-kappa-B isoform RELA/NFKB3, STAT1 and STAT3, but can also phosphorylate histone H3 and the nucleosomal protein HMGN1. RPS6KA5/MSK1 and RPS6KA4/MSK2 play important roles in the rapid induction of immediate-early genes in response to stress or mitogenic stimuli, either by inducing chromatin remodeling or by recruiting the transcription machinery. On the other hand, two other kinase targets, MAPKAPK2/MK2 and MAPKAPK3/MK3, participate in the control of gene expression mostly at the post-transcriptional level, by phosphorylating ZFP36 (tristetraprolin) and ELAVL1, and by regulating EEF2K, which is important for the elongation of mRNA during translation. MKNK1/MNK1 and MKNK2/MNK2, two other kinases activated by p38 MAPKs, regulate protein synthesis by phosphorylating the initiation factor EIF4E2. MAPK14 interacts also with casein kinase II, leading to its activation through autophosphorylation and further phosphorylation of TP53/p53. In the cytoplasm, the p38 MAPK pathway is an important regulator of protein turnover. For example, CFLAR is an inhibitor of TNF-induced apoptosis whose proteasome-mediated degradation is regulated by p38 MAPK phosphorylation. In a similar way, MAPK14 phosphorylates the ubiquitin ligase SIAH2, regulating its activity towards EGLN3. MAPK14 may also inhibit the lysosomal degradation pathway of autophagy by interfering with the intracellular trafficking of the transmembrane protein ATG9. Another function of MAPK14 is to regulate the endocytosis of membrane receptors by different mechanisms that impinge on the small GTPase RAB*. In addition, clathrin-mediated EGFR internalization induced by inflammatory cytokines and UV irradiation depends on MAPK14-mediated phosphorylation of EGFR itself as well as of RAB* effectors. Ectodomain shedding of transmembrane proteins is regulated by p38 MAPKs as well. In response to inflammatory stimuli, p38 MAPKs phosphorylate the membrane-associated metalloprotease ADAM17. Such phosphorylation is required for ADAM17-mediated ectodomain shedding of TGF-alpha family ligands, which results in the activation of EGFR signaling and cell proliferation. Another p38 MAPK substrate is FGFR1. FGFR1 can be translocated from the extracellular space into the cytosol and nucleus of target cells, and regulates processes such as rRNA synthesis and cell growth. FGFR1 translocation requires p38 MAPK activation. In the nucleus, many transcription factors are phosphorylated and activated by p38 MAPKs in response to different stimuli. Classical examples include ATF1, ATF2, ATF6, ELK1, PTPRH, DDIT3, TP53/p53 and MEF2C and MEF2A. The p38 MAPKs are emerging as important modulators of gene expression by regulating chromatin modifiers and remodelers. The promoters of several genes involved in the inflammatory response, such as IL6, IL8 and IL12B, display a p38 MAPK-dependent enrichment of histone H3 phosphorylation on 'Ser-10' (H3S10ph) in LPS-stimulated myeloid cells. This phosphorylation enhances the accessibility of the cryptic NF-kappa-B-binding sites marking promoters for increased NF-kappa-B recruitment. Phosphorylates CDC25B and CDC25C which is required for binding to 14-3-3 proteins and leads to initiation of a G2 delay after ultraviolet radiation. Phosphorylates TIAR following DNA damage, releasing TIAR from GADD4* mRNA and preventing mRNA degradation. The p38 MAPKs may also have kinase-independent roles, which are thought to be due to the binding to targets in the absence of phosphorylation. Protein O-Glc-N-acylation catalyzed by the OGT is regulated by MAPK14, and, although OGT does not seem to be phosphorylated by MAPK14, their interaction increases upon MAPK14 activation induced by glucose deprivation. This interaction may regulate OGT activity by recruiting it to specific targets such as neurofilament H, stimulating its O-Glc-N-acylation. Required in mid-fetal development for the growth of embryo-derived blood vessels in the labyrinth layer of the placenta. Also plays an essential role in developmental and stress-induced erythropoiesis, through regulation of EPO gene expression. Isoform MXI2 activation is stimulated by mitogens and oxidative stress and only poorly phosphorylates ELK1 and ATF2. Isoform EXIP may play a role in the early onset of apoptosis. Phosphorylates S100A9 at 'Thr-113'.

Subunit : Binds to a kinase interaction motif within the protein tyrosine phosphatase, PTPRR (By similarity). This interaction retains MAPK14 in the cytoplasm and prevents nuclear accumulation. Interacts with SPAG9 and GADD4*. Interacts with CDC25B, CDC25C, DUSP1, DUSP10, DUSP16, NP60, FAM48A and TAB1. Interacts with casein kinase II subunits CSNK2A1 and CSNK2B.

Subcellular Location : Cytoplasm. Nucleus.

Post-translational modifications : Dually phosphorylated on Thr-180 and Tyr-182 by the MAP2Ks MAP2K3/MKK3, MAP2K4/MKK4 and MAP2K6/MKK6 in response to inflammatory citokines, environmental stress or growth factors, which a ctivates the enzyme. Dual phosphorylation can also be mediated by TAB1-mediated autophosphorylation. TCR engagement in T-cells also leads to Tyr-323 phosphorylation by ZAP70. Dephosphorylated and inactivated by DUPS1, DUSP10 and DUSP16.

Acetylated at Lys-53 and Lys-152 by KAT2B and EP300. Acetylation at Lys-53 increases the affinity for ATP and enhances kinase activity. Lys-53 and Lys-152 are deacetylated by HDAC3.

Ubiquitinated. Ubiquitination leads to degradation by the proteasome pathway.

Similarity : Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase subfamily.

Contains 1 protein kinase domain.

Database links :

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: Q16539.3

Entrez Gene: 403856 Dog

Entrez Gene: 1432 Human

Entrez Gene: 26416 Mouse

Entrez Gene: 81649 Rat

GenBank: NM_001315 Human

GenBank: NM_139012 Human

GenBank: NM_011951 Mouse

GenBank: NM_031020 Rat

激酶和磷酸酶（Kinases and Phosphatases）

絲裂原活化蛋白激酶p38(p38 MAPK、磷酸化pERK)參與細(xì)胞生長、增殖、分化、死亡及細(xì)胞間的功能同步等多種生理過程.

P-p38MAPK是絲裂原活化蛋白激酶家族中的成員之一，大量研究顯示p38在能量代謝中具有廣泛的作用。p38參與脂肪組織、骨骼肌、胰島細(xì)胞和*等組織、器官的能量代謝.分子量：38KDa

p38 MAPK：作為細(xì)胞信號傳遞系統(tǒng)的交匯點，細(xì)胞內(nèi)普遍存在的一條信號轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)通路。細(xì)胞外的物理應(yīng)激因子，如高滲透壓、熱休克、紫外線以及細(xì)胞因子、內(nèi)毒素脂多糖（LPS）等都能激活該途徑，誘導(dǎo)細(xì)胞內(nèi)蛋白質(zhì)合成與分泌、細(xì)胞分化及凋亡等生物效應(yīng)。p38 MAPK還能與細(xì)胞內(nèi)其他信號通路之間相互作用，是細(xì)胞內(nèi)信號傳遞系統(tǒng)的交匯點或共同通路。p38 MAPK一旦被激活后，可以使一些轉(zhuǎn)錄因子如CREB、轉(zhuǎn)錄活化因子-1（activating factor-1， ATF-1）、ATF-2及活化蛋白-1(AP-1)等的絲氨酸和蘇氨酸位點磷酸化，活化這些轉(zhuǎn)錄因子，從而調(diào)節(jié)目的基因的表達。 p38（絲氨酸位點）磷酸化后可以直接激活轉(zhuǎn)錄因子，參與機體的應(yīng)激反應(yīng)。

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★磷酸化-絲裂原活化蛋白激酶p38抗體（P-p38 MAPK）說明書 分子生物學(xué)：質(zhì)粒抽提、PCR、Q-PCR、RT-PCR、分子生物學(xué)：基因合成、引物合成、基因測序、載體構(gòu)建等

★蛋白工程：原核、哺乳動物蛋白表達系統(tǒng)等

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